me . "::"
                : "";
            $classWord = ($reflFunc instanceof \ReflectionMethod)
                ? $className . '::'
                : '';
            $funcWord = $classWord . $reflFunc->name;

            throw new InjectionException(
                $this->inProgressMakes,
                sprintf(
                    self::M_UNDEFINED_PARAM,
                    $reflParam->name,
                    $reflParam->getPosition(),
                    $funcWord,
                    $classDeclare
                ),
                self::E_UNDEFINED_PARAM
            );
        }

        return $arg;
    }

    private function prepareInstance($obj, $normalizedClass)
    {
        if (isset($this->prepares[$normalizedClass])) {
            $prepare = $this->prepares[$normalizedClass];
            $executable = $this->buildExecutable($prepare);
            $result = $executable($obj, $this);
            if ($result instanceof $normalizedClass) {
                $obj = $result;
            }
        }

        $interfaces = @class_implements($obj);

        if ($interfaces === false) {
            throw new InjectionException(
                $this->inProgressMakes,
                sprintf(
                    self::M_MAKING_FAILED,
                    $normalizedClass,
                    gettype($obj)
                ),
                self::E_MAKING_FAILED
            );
        }

        if (empty($interfaces)) {
            return $obj;
        }

        $interfaces = array_flip(array_map(array($this, 'normalizeName'), $interfaces));
        $prepares = array_intersect_key($this->prepares, $interfaces);
        foreach ($prepares as $interfaceName => $prepare) {
            $executable = $this->buildExecutable($prepare);
            $result = $executable($obj, $this);
            if ($result instanceof $normalizedClass) {
                $obj = $result;
            }
        }

        return $obj;
    }

    /**
     * Invoke the specified callable or class::method string, provisioning dependencies along the way
     *
     * @param mixed $callableOrMethodStr A valid PHP callable or a provisionable ClassName::methodName string
     * @param array $args Optional array specifying params with which to invoke the provisioned callable
     * @throws \Auryn\InjectionException
     * @return mixed Returns the invocation result returned from calling the generated executable
     */
    public function execute($callableOrMethodStr, array $args = array())
    {
        list($reflFunc, $invocationObj) = $this->buildExecutableStruct($callableOrMethodStr);
        $executable = new Executable($reflFunc, $invocationObj);
        $args = $this->provisionFuncArgs($reflFunc, $args, null, $invocationObj === null ? null : get_class($invocationObj));

        return call_user_func_array(array($executable, '__invoke'), $args);
    }

    /**
     * Provision an Executable instance from any valid callable or class::method string
     *
     * @param mixed $callableOrMethodStr A valid PHP callable or a provisionable ClassName::methodName string
     * @return \Auryn\Executable
     */
    public function buildExecutable($callableOrMethodStr)
    {
        try {
            list($reflFunc, $invocationObj) = $this->buildExecutableStruct($callableOrMethodStr);
        } catch (\ReflectionException $e) {
            throw InjectionException::fromInvalidCallable(
                $this->inProgressMakes,
                $callableOrMethodStr,
                $e
            );
        }

        return new Executable($reflFunc, $invocationObj);
    }

    private function buildExecutableStruct($callableOrMethodStr)
    {
        if (is_string($callableOrMethodStr)) {
            $executableStruct = $this->buildExecutableStructFromString($callableOrMethodStr);
        } elseif ($callableOrMethodStr instanceof \Closure) {
            $callableRefl = new \ReflectionFunction($callableOrMethodStr);
            $executableStruct = array($callableRefl, null);
        } elseif (is_object($callableOrMethodStr) && is_callable($callableOrMethodStr)) {
            $invocationObj = $callableOrMethodStr;
            $callableRefl = $this->reflector->getMethod($invocationObj, '__invoke');
            $executableStruct = array($callableRefl, $invocationObj);
        } elseif (is_array($callableOrMethodStr)
            && isset($callableOrMethodStr[0], $callableOrMethodStr[1])
            && count($callableOrMethodStr) === 2
        ) {
            $executableStruct = $this->buildExecutableStructFromArray($callableOrMethodStr);
        } else {
            throw InjectionException::fromInvalidCallable(
                $this->inProgressMakes,
                $callableOrMethodStr
            );
        }

        return $executableStruct;
    }

    private function buildExecutableStructFromString($stringExecutable)
    {
        if (function_exists($stringExecutable)) {
            $callableRefl = $this->reflector->getFunction($stringExecutable);
            $executableStruct = array($callableRefl, null);
        } elseif (method_exists($stringExecutable, '__invoke')) {
            $invocationObj = $this->make($stringExecutable);
            $callableRefl = $this->reflector->getMethod($invocationObj, '__invoke');
            $executableStruct = array($callableRefl, $invocationObj);
        } elseif (strpos($stringExecutable, '::') !== false) {
            list($class, $method) = explode('::', $stringExecutable, 2);
            $executableStruct = $this->buildStringClassMethodCallable($class, $method);
        } else {
            throw InjectionException::fromInvalidCallable(
                $this->inProgressMakes,
                $stringExecutable
            );
        }

        return $executableStruct;
    }

    private function buildStringClassMethodCallable($class, $method)
    {
        $relativeStaticMethodStartPos = strpos($method, 'parent::');

        if ($relativeStaticMethodStartPos === 0) {
            $childReflection = $this->reflector->getClass($class);
            $class = $childReflection->getParentClass()->name;
            $method = substr($method, $relativeStaticMethodStartPos + 8);
        }

        list($className, $normalizedClass) = $this->resolveAlias($class);
        $reflectionMethod = $this->reflector->getMethod($className, $method);

        if ($reflectionMethod->isStatic()) {
            return array($reflectionMethod, null);
        }

        $instance = $this->make($className);
        // If the class was delegated, the instance may not be of the type
        // $class but some other type. We need to get the reflection on the
        // actual class to be able to call the method correctly.
        $reflectionMethod = $this->reflector->getMethod($instance, $method);

        return array($reflectionMethod, $instance);
    }

    private function buildExecutableStructFromArray($arrayExecutable)
    {
        list($classOrObj, $method) = $arrayExecutable;

        if (is_object($classOrObj) && method_exists($classOrObj, $method)) {
            $callableRefl = $this->reflector->getMethod($classOrObj, $method);
            $executableStruct = array($callableRefl, $classOrObj);
        } elseif (is_string($classOrObj)) {
            $executableStruct = $this->buildStringClassMethodCallable($classOrObj, $method);
        } else {
            throw InjectionException::fromInvalidCallable(
                $this->inProgressMakes,
                $arrayExecutable
            );
        }

        return $executableStruct;
    }
}